@article{53683105e2404392b011e1ce81f08e1e,
title = "START NOW: a cognitive behavioral skills training for adolescent girls with conduct or oppositional defiant disorder – a randomized clinical trial",
abstract = "Background: Conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) both convey a high risk for maladjustment later in life and are understudied in girls. Here, we aimed at confirming the efficacy of START NOW, a cognitive-behavioral, dialectical behavior therapy-oriented skills training program aiming to enhance emotion regulation skills, interpersonal and psychosocial adjustment, adapted for female adolescents with CD or ODD. Methods: A total of 127 girls were included in this prospective, cluster randomized, multi-center, parallel group, quasi-randomized, controlled phase III trial, which tested the efficacy of START NOW (n = 72) compared with standard care (treatment as usual, TAU, n = 55). All female adolescents had a clinical diagnosis of CD or ODD, were 15.6 (±1.5) years on average (range: 12–20 years), and were institutionalized in youth welfare institutions. The two primary endpoints were the change in number of CD/ODD symptoms between (1) baseline (T1) and post-treatment (T3), and (2) between T1 and 12-week follow-up (T4). Results: Both treatment groups showed reduced CD/ODD symptoms at T3 compared with T1 (95% CI: START NOW = −4.87, −2.49; TAU = −4.94, −2.30). There was no significant mean difference in CD/ODD symptom reduction from T1 to T3 between START NOW and TAU (−0.056; 95% CI = −1.860, 1.749; Hedge's g = −0.011). However, the START NOW group showed greater mean symptom reduction from T1 to T4 (−2.326; 95% CI = −4.274, −0.378; Hedge's g = −0.563). Additionally, secondary endpoint results revealed a reduction in staff reported aggression and parent-reported irritability at post assessment. Conclusions: Although START NOW did not result in greater symptom reduction from baseline to post-treatment compared with TAU, the START NOW group showed greater symptom reduction from baseline to follow-up with a medium effect size, which indicates a clinically meaningful delayed treatment effect.",
keywords = "aggression, Conduct disorder, oppositional-defiant disorder, randomized-trial",
author = "Christina Stadler and Freitag, {Christine M.} and Arne Popma and Lucres Nauta-Jansen and Kerstin Konrad and Eva Unternaehrer and Katharina Ackermann and Anka Bernhard and Anne Martinelli and Helena Oldenhof and Malou Gundlach and Gregor Kohls and Martin Pr{\"a}tzlich and Meinhard Kieser and Ronald Limprecht and Raschle, {Nora M.} and Noortje Vriends and Trestman, {Robert L.} and Marietta Kirchner and Linda Kersten",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Authors. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.",
year = "2024",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1111/jcpp.13896",
language = "English",
volume = "65",
pages = "316--327",
journal = "Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines",
issn = "0021-9630",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",
number = "3",
}
@article{b44c187b064041a68f82a4342c949b4e,
title = "Emotion processing in maltreated boys and girls: Evidence for latent vulnerability",
abstract = "Evidence of alterations in emotion processing in maltreated youth has been hypothesized to reflect latent vulnerability for psychopathology. However, previous studies have not systematically examined the influence of psychopathology on the results. Here, we examined emotion recognition and learning in youth who differed in terms of presence vs. absence of maltreatment and psychopathology and tested for potential sex effects. Maltreatment and psychopathology were assessed in 828 youth (514 females) aged 9–18 years using diagnostic interviews and self- and parent-report questionnaires. Emotion recognition was assessed via identification of morphed facial expressions of six universal emotions. For emotion learning, reward and punishment values were assigned to novel stimuli and participants had to learn to correctly respond/withhold response to stimuli to maximize points. A three-way interaction of maltreatment by psychopathology by emotion indicated that when psychopathology was low, maltreated youth were less accurate than non-maltreated youth for happy, fear and disgust. A three-way interaction of sex, maltreatment and emotion indicated that maltreated girls and boys were impaired for fear, but girls showed an impairment for happy, while boys for disgust. There were no effects of maltreatment, psychopathology, or sex on reward learning. However, a two-way interaction between sex and maltreatment showed that maltreated girls were worse at learning from punishment relative to non-maltreated girls, while maltreated boys were better than non-maltreated boys. The study provides the first clear evidence of latent-vulnerability in emotion recognition in maltreated youth and suggests that girls and boys might be characterized by distinct profiles of emotion recognition and learning following maltreatment.",
keywords = "Emotion processing, FemNAT-CD, Maltreatment, Psychopathology, Sex differences",
author = "Bianca Diaconu and Gregor Kohls and Rogers, {Jack C.} and Ruth Pauli and Harriet Cornwell and Anka Bernhard and Anne Martinelli and Katharina Ackermann and Nikola Fann and Aranzazu Fernandez-Rivas and Gonzalez-Torres, {Miguel Angel} and {Gonzalez de Artaza-Lavesa}, Maider and Amaia Hervas and Christina Stadler and Kerstin Konrad and Freitag, {Christine M.} and Graeme Fairchild and Pia Rotshtein and {De Brito}, {Stephane A.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, The Author(s).",
year = "2023",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1007/s00787-022-02132-1",
language = "English",
volume = "32",
pages = "2523--2536",
journal = "European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry",
issn = "1018-8827",
publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH",
number = "12",
}
@article{77ada2250c7f4c0c96ddfdb16aa8189c,
title = "Perpetrators and victims of cyberbullying among youth with conduct disorder",
abstract = "Due to modern technological innovations, aggressive behaviors have expanded into the cyberspace, creating a new matter of public concern: cyberbullying. Antisocial and aggressive behaviors, including bullying are characteristic for children and adolescents diagnosed with conduct disorder (CD), raising the question whether these youths are highly involved in cyberbullying experiences, too. 206 participants with CD versus typically developing controls (TDCs) aged 9–19 years (57% girls) were included in the study. Individuals completed several self-report measures investigating cyber- and traditional bullying experiences, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to explain the relationship between cyberbullying victimization and perpetration with demographic and clinical variables. Experiences of cyberbullying victimization and perpetration were significantly higher among youth with CD compared to TDCs, and this was accompanied by significantly higher scores on a measure of traditional bullying in CD versus TDCs. CD diagnosis, female sex and higher levels of callous-unemotional (CU) traits were each uniquely associated with increased experiences of cyberbullying victimization, whereas CD diagnosis, higher levels of CU traits and older age were each uniquely associated with increased experiences of cyberbullying perpetration. Individuals with CD, compared to TDCs are at higher risk of becoming cyberbully victims and perpetrators, hence representing an important novel aspect in the assessment and treatment of these youths.",
keywords = "Aggression, Conduct disorder, Cyberbullying, Perpetration, Victimization",
author = "Sarah Baumann and Anka Bernhard and Anne Martinelli and Katharina Ackermann and Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann and Christine Freitag and Kerstin Konrad and Gregor Kohls",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s).",
year = "2023",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1007/s00787-022-01973-0",
language = "English",
volume = "32",
pages = "1643--1653",
journal = "European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry",
issn = "1018-8827",
publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH",
number = "9",
}
@article{cd802456e108450e8bea79b335443e3d,
title = "Neuroendocrine Stress Response in Female and Male Youths With Conduct Disorder and Associations With Early Adversity",
abstract = "ObjectiveConduct disorder (CD) involves aggressive and antisocial behavior and is associated with blunted cortisol stress response in male youths. Far less is known about cortisol stress responsivity in female youths with CD or other neuroendocrine responses in both sexes. Although CD is linked to early adversity, the possibility that neuroendocrine alterations may mediate the relationship between early adversity and CD has not been systematically investigated.MethodWithin the European FemNAT-CD multi-site study, salivary cortisol, testosterone, the testosterone/cortisol ratio, oxytocin, and psychological stress response to a standardized psychosocial stress test (the Trier Social Stress Test [TSST]), together with common pre- and postnatal environmental risk factors, were investigated in 130 pubertal youths with CD (63% female, 9-18 years of age) and 160 sex-, age-, and puberty-matched healthy controls (HCs).ResultsThe TSST induced psychological stress in both CD and HCs. In contrast, female and male youths with CD showed blunted cortisol, testosterone, oxytocin, and testosterone/cortisol stress responses compared to HCs. These blunted stress responses partly mediated the relationship between environmental risk factors and CD.ConclusionFindings from this unique sample, including many female youths with CD, provide evidence for a widespread attenuated stress responsivity of not only stress hormones, but also sex hormones and neuropeptides in CD and its subgroups (eg, with limited prosocial emotions). Results are the first to demonstrate blunted neuroendocrine stress responses in both female and male youths with CD. Early adversity may alter neuroendocrine stress responsivity. Biological mechanisms should be investigated further to pave the way for personalized intervention, thereby improving treatments for CD.",
keywords = "stress response, Conduct Disorder, Youth, neuroendocrine responses, Biological mechanisms",
author = "Anka Bernhard and Katharina Ackermann and Anne Martinelli and Chiocchetti, {Andreas G.} and Leonora Vllasaliu and Karen Gonz{\'a}lez-Madruga and Molly Batchelor and Raschle, {Nora M.} and Helena Oldenhof and Jansen, {Lucres M.c.} and Gregor Kohls and Kerstin Konrad and Arne Popma and Christina Stadler and Graeme Fairchild and Freitag, {Christine M.}",
year = "2022",
month = may,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.jaac.2021.11.023",
language = "English",
volume = "61",
pages = "698 -- 710",
journal = "Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry",
issn = "0890-8567",
publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",
number = "5",
}
@article{6d881246dc8f4bd9a3e4b8969036e1f7,
title = "Sex differences in psychiatric comorbidity and clinical presentation in youths with conduct disorder",
abstract = "Background: Conduct disorder (CD) rarely occurs alone but is typically accompanied by comorbid psychiatric disorders, which complicates the clinical presentation and treatment of affected youths. The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences in comorbidity pattern in CD and to systematically explore the {\textquoteleft}gender paradox{\textquoteright} and {\textquoteleft}delayed-onset pathway{\textquoteright} hypotheses of female CD. Methods: As part of the FemNAT-CD multisite study, semistructured clinical interviews and rating scales were used to perform a comprehensive phenotypic characterization of 454 girls and 295 boys with CD (9–18 years), compared to 864 sex- and age-matched typically developing controls. Results: Girls with CD exhibited higher rates of current major depression, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and borderline personality disorder, whereas boys with CD had higher rates of current attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. In line with the {\textquoteleft}gender paradox{\textquoteright} hypothesis, relative to boys, girls with CD showed significantly more lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (incl. Alcohol Use Disorder), which were accompanied by more severe CD symptoms. Female and male youths with CD also differed significantly in their CD symptom profiles and distribution of age-of-onset subtypes of CD (i.e. fewer girls with childhood-onset CD). In line with the {\textquoteleft}delayed-onset pathway{\textquoteright} hypothesis, girls with adolescent-onset CD showed similar levels of dimensional psychopathology like boys with childhood-onset CD, while boys with adolescent-onset CD had the lowest levels of internalizing psychopathology. Conclusions: Within the largest study of CD in girls performed to date, we found compelling evidence for sex differences in comorbidity patterns and clinical presentation of CD. Our findings further support aspects of the {\textquoteleft}gender paradox{\textquoteright} and {\textquoteleft}delayed-onset pathway{\textquoteright} hypotheses by showing that girls with CD had higher rates of comorbid lifetime mental disorders and functional impairments, and they usually developed CD during adolescence. These novel data on sex-specific clinical profiles of CD will be critical in informing intervention and prevention programmes.",
keywords = "callous-unemotional traits, Conduct disorder, psychiatric comorbidity, sex differences",
author = "Kerstin Konrad and Gregor Kohls and Sarah Baumann and Anka Bernhard and Anne Martinelli and Katharina Ackermann and Areti Smaragdi and Karen Gonzalez-Madruga and Amy Wells and Rogers, {Jack C.} and Ruth Pauli and Roberta Clanton and Rosalind Baker and Linda Kersten and Martin Pr{\"a}tzlich and Helena Oldenhof and Lucres Jansen and Anneke Kleeven and Aitana Bigorra and Amaia Hervas and I{\~n}aki Kerexeta-Lizeaga and Eva Sesma-Pardo and {Angel Gonzalez-Torres}, Miguel and R{\'e}ka Sikl{\'o}si and Roberta Dochnal and Zacharias Kalogerakis and Mara Pirlympou and Leonidas Papadakos and Harriet Cornwell and Wolfgang Scharke and Dimitris Dikeos and Aranzazu Fern{\'a}ndez-Rivas and Arne Popma and Christina Stadler and Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann and {De Brito}, {Stephane A.} and Graeme Fairchild and Freitag, {Christine M.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Authors. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health",
year = "2022",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1111/jcpp.13428",
language = "English",
volume = "63",
pages = "218--228",
journal = "Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines",
issn = "0021-9630",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",
number = "2",
}
@article{dc2cbb57a04749bb8c7a9dba2aeaa455,
title = "The methylome in females with adolescent Conduct Disorder: Neural pathomechanisms and environmental risk factors",
abstract = "Conduct Disorder (CD) is an impairing psychiatric disorder of childhood and adolescence characterized by aggressive and dissocial behavior. Environmental factors such as maternal smoking during pregnancy, socio-economic status, trauma, or early life stress are associated with CD. Although the number of females with CD is rising in Western societies, CD is under-researched in female cohorts. We aimed at exploring the epigenetic signature of females with CD and its relation to psychosocial and environmental risk factors. We performed HpaII sensitive genome-wide methylation sequencing of 49 CD girls and 50 matched typically developing controls and linear regression models to identify differentially methylated CpG loci (tags) and regions. Significant tags and regions were mapped to the respective genes and tested for enrichment in pathways and brain developmental processes. Finally, epigenetic signatures were tested as mediators for CD-associated risk factors. We identified a 12% increased methylation 5' of the neurite modulator SLITRK5 (FDR = 0.0046) in cases within a glucocorticoid receptor binding site. Functionally, methylation positively correlated with gene expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines. At systems-level, genes (uncorr. P < 0.01) were associated with development of neurons, neurite outgrowth or neuronal developmental processes. At gene expression level, the associated gene-networks are activated perinatally and during early childhood in neocortical regions, thalamus and striatum, and expressed in amygdala and hippocampus. Specifically, the epigenetic signatures of the gene network activated in the thalamus during early childhood correlated with the effect of parental education on CD status possibly mediating its protective effect. The differential methylation patterns identified in females with CD are likely to affect genes that are expressed in brain regions previously indicated in CD. We provide suggestive evidence that protective effects are likely mediated by epigenetic mechanisms impairing specific brain developmental networks and therefore exerting a long-term effect on neural functions in CD. Our results are exploratory and thus, further replication is needed.",
author = "Chiocchetti, {Andreas G.} and Afsheen Yousaf and Regina Waltes and Anka Bernhard and Anne Martinelli and Katharina Ackermann and Denise Haslinger and Bj{\"o}rn Rotter and Nico Krezdorn and Kerstin Konrad and Gregor Kohls and Agnes Vetro and Amaia Hervas and Aranzazu Fern{\'a}ndez-Rivas and Freitag, {Christine M.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Chiocchetti et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",
year = "2022",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0261691",
language = "English",
volume = "17",
journal = "PLOS ONE",
issn = "1932-6203",
publisher = "Public Library of Science",
number = "1 January",
}
@article{838bdee7f30a4032abc195cbd5b6a465,
title = "Machine learning classification of conduct disorder with high versus low levels of callous-unemotional traits based on facial emotion recognition abilities",
abstract = "Conduct disorder (CD) with high levels of callous-unemotional traits (CD/HCU) has been theoretically linked to specific difficulties with fear and sadness recognition, in contrast to CD with low levels of callous-unemotional traits (CD/LCU). However, experimental evidence for this distinction is mixed, and it is unclear whether these difficulties are a reliable marker of CD/HCU compared to CD/LCU. In a large sample (N = 1263, 9–18 years), we combined univariate analyses and machine learning classifiers to investigate whether CD/HCU is associated with disproportionate difficulties with fear and sadness recognition over other emotions, and whether such difficulties are a reliable individual-level marker of CD/HCU. We observed similar emotion recognition abilities in CD/HCU and CD/LCU. The CD/HCU group underperformed relative to typically developing (TD) youths, but difficulties were not specific to fear or sadness. Classifiers did not distinguish between youths with CD/HCU versus CD/LCU (52% accuracy), although youths with CD/HCU and CD/LCU were reliably distinguished from TD youths (64% and 60%, respectively). In the subset of classifiers that performed well for youths with CD/HCU, fear and sadness were the most relevant emotions for distinguishing them from youths with CD/LCU and TD youths, respectively. We conclude that non-specific emotion recognition difficulties are common in CD/HCU, but are not reliable individual-level markers of CD/HCU versus CD/LCU. These findings highlight that a reduced ability to recognise facial expressions of distress should not be assumed to be a core feature of CD/HCU.",
keywords = "Callous-unemotional traits, Conduct disorder, Conduct problems, Emotion recognition, Machine learning",
author = "Ruth Pauli and Gregor Kohls and Peter Tino and Rogers, {Jack C.} and Sarah Baumann and Katharina Ackermann and Anka Bernhard and Anne Martinelli and Lucres Jansen and Helena Oldenhof and Karen Gonzalez-Madruga and Areti Smaragdi and Gonzalez-Torres, {Miguel Angel} and I{\~n}aki Kerexeta-Lizeaga and Cyril Boonmann and Linda Kersten and Aitana Bigorra and Amaia Hervas and Christina Stadler and Aranzazu Fernandez-Rivas and Arne Popma and Kerstin Konrad and Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann and Graeme Fairchild and Freitag, {Christine M.} and Pia Rotshtein and {De Brito}, {Stephane A.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, The Author(s).",
year = "2021",
month = oct,
day = "18",
doi = "10.1007/s00787-021-01893-5",
language = "English",
volume = "32",
pages = "589--600",
journal = "European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry",
issn = "1018-8827",
publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH",
number = "4",
}
@article{26b997fe29634ad3ae6ac30b8b7d75cf,
title = "Positive and negative parenting in conduct disorder with high versus low levels of callous-unemotional traits",
abstract = "Less is known about the relationship between conduct disorder (CD), callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and positive and negative parenting in youth compared to early childhood. We combined traditional univariate analyses with a novel machine learning classifier (Angle-based Generalized Matrix Learning Vector Quantization) to classify youth (N = 756; 9-18 years) into typically developing (TD) or CD groups with or without elevated CU traits (CD/HCU, CD/LCU, respectively) using youth- and parent-reports of parenting behavior. At the group level, both CD/HCU and CD/LCU were associated with high negative and low positive parenting relative to TD. However, only positive parenting differed between the CD/HCU and CD/LCU groups. In classification analyses, performance was best when distinguishing CD/HCU from TD groups and poorest when distinguishing CD/HCU from CD/LCU groups. Positive and negative parenting were both relevant when distinguishing CD/HCU from TD, negative parenting was most relevant when distinguishing between CD/LCU and TD, and positive parenting was most relevant when distinguishing CD/HCU from CD/LCU groups. These findings suggest that while positive parenting distinguishes between CD/HCU and CD/LCU, negative parenting is associated with both CD subtypes. These results highlight the importance of considering multiple parenting behaviors in CD with varying levels of CU traits in late childhood/adolescence.",
keywords = "angle-based generalized matrix learning vector quantization, callous-unemotional traits, conduct disorder, machine learning, parenting",
author = "Ruth Pauli and Peter Tino and Rogers, {Jack C.} and Rosalind Baker and Roberta Clanton and Philippa Birch and Abigail Brown and Gemma Daniel and Lisandra Ferreira and Liam Grisley and Gregor Kohls and Sarah Baumann and Anka Bernhard and Anne Martinelli and Katharina Ackermann and Helen Lazaratou and Foteini Tsiakoulia and Panagiota Bali and Helena Oldenhof and Lucres Jansen and Areti Smaragdi and Karen Gonzalez-Madruga and Gonzalez-Torres, {Miguel Angel} and {Gonzalez De Artaza-Lavesa}, Maider and Martin Steppan and Noortje Vriends and Aitana Bigorra and Reka Siklosi and Sreejita Ghosh and Kerstin Bunte and Roberta Dochnal and Amaia Hervas and Christina Stadler and Aranzazu Fernandez-Rivas and Graeme Fairchild and Arne Popma and DImitris DIkeos and Kerstin Konrad and Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann and Freitag, {Christine M.} and Pia Rotshtein and {De Brito}, {Stephane A.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} Cambridge University Press 2020.",
year = "2021",
month = aug,
doi = "10.1017/S0954579420000279",
language = "English",
volume = "33",
pages = "980--991",
journal = "Development and Psychopathology",
issn = "0954-5794",
publisher = "Cambridge University Press",
number = "3",
}
@article{d364e8fb355541fda1ade1a58438516a,
title = "Sex-specific associations of basal steroid hormones and neuropeptides with Conduct Disorder and neuroendocrine mediation of environmental risk",
abstract = "Conduct Disorder (CD) is characterized by severe aggressive and antisocial behavior. The stress hormone system has frequently been investigated as a neurobiological correlate of CD, while other interacting neuroendocrine biomarkers of sex hormone or neuropeptide systems have rarely been studied, especially in females. We examined multiple basal neuroendocrine biomarkers in female and male adolescents with CD compared to healthy controls (HCs), and explored whether they mediate effects of environmental risk factors on CD. Within the FemNAT-CD study, salivary cortisol, alpha-amylase, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), estradiol, progesterone, oxytocin, and arginine-vasopressin were measured under basal conditions in 166 pubertal adolescents with CD, and 194 sex-, age-, and puberty-matched HCs (60% females, 9–18 years). Further, environmental risk factors were assessed. Single hormone analyses showed higher DHEA-S, and lower estradiol and progesterone levels in both females and males with CD relative to HCs. When accounting for interactions between neuroendocrine systems, a male-specific sex hormone factor (testosterone/DHEA-S) predicted male CD, while estradiol and a stress-system factor (cortisol/alpha-amylase) interacting with oxytocin predicted female CD. Estradiol, progesterone, and oxytocin partly explained associations between early environmental risk and CD. Findings provide evidence for sex-specific associations between basal neuroendocrine measures and CD. Especially altered sex hormones (androgen increases in males, estrogen reductions in females) robustly related to CD, while basal stress-system measures did not. Early environmental risk factors for CD may act partly through their effects on the neuroendocrine system, especially in females. Limitations (e.g., basal neuroendocrine assessment, different sample sizes per sex, pubertal participants, exploratory mediation analyses) are discussed.",
keywords = "Conduct disorder, Environmental risk factors, FEMNAT-CD, Neuropeptides, Sex differences, Steroid hormones",
author = "Anka Bernhard and Marietta Kirchner and Anne Martinelli and Katharina Ackermann and Gregor Kohls and Karen Gonzalez-Madruga and Amy Wells and Aranzazu Fern{\'a}ndez-Rivas and {De Artaza-Lavesa}, {Maider Gonzalez} and Raschle, {Nora Maria} and Angeliki Konsta and R{\'e}ka Sikl{\'o}si and Amaia Herv{\'a}s and Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann and {De Brito}, {Stephane A.} and Arne Popma and Christina Stadler and Kerstin Konrad and Graeme Fairchild and Freitag, {Christine M.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021",
year = "2021",
month = aug,
doi = "10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.03.016",
language = "English",
volume = "49",
pages = "40--53",
journal = "European neuropsychopharmacology",
issn = "0924-977X",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}
@article{f37816bc4b6f48fb8a94e6ee7ae9a44e,
title = "Assessing Callous–Unemotional Traits in 6- to 18-Year-Olds: Reliability, Validity, Factor Structure, and Norms of the German Version of the Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits",
abstract = "Background: This article reports reliability, validity, and norms for the German version of the multi-informant questionnaire Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits (ICU). Method: The ICU was filled in by nonreferred children aged 13 to 18 years old (n = 645), parents of children aged 6 to 18 years old (n = 1,005), and their teachers (n = 955). Results: Confirmatory factor analysis resulted in a two-factor solution giving the best fit. Still none of the models showed an adequate model-fit applying the chi-square exact fit test. The internal consistency of the parent{\textquoteright}s, teacher{\textquoteright}s, and self-report version were α =.830, α =.877 and α =.769, respectively. Interrater reliability was moderate. Convergent validity with the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory, the externalizing scores of the Youth Self-Report/Child Behavior Checklist, and with the German oppositional Defiant Disorder/Conduct Disorder Rating Scale “FBB-SSV” were good. German norms were calculated. Conclusions: The ICU is a reliable and valid dimensional measure to describe callous–unemotional traits.",
keywords = "factor structure, ICU, Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits, multi-informant questionnaire, norms, reliability, validity",
author = "Kathrin Ueno and Katharina Ackermann and Freitag, {Christine M.} and Christina Schwenck",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2019.",
year = "2021",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1177/1073191119847766",
language = "English",
volume = "28",
pages = "567--584",
journal = "Assessment",
issn = "1073-1911",
publisher = "SAGE Publications Inc.",
number = "2",
}